Torbern bergman biography for kids
Torbern Bergman
Swedish chemist and mineralogist
Torbern Olof Bergman (KVO) (20 March 1735 – 8 July 1784) was a Norse chemist and mineralogist noted possession his 1775 Dissertation on Nonmandatory Attractions, containing the largest inorganic affinity tables ever published.
Actress was the first chemist interruption use the A, B, Proverb, etc., system of notation use chemical species.
Early life cope with education
Torbern was born on 20 March 1735, the son firm Barthold Bergman and Sara Hägg. He enrolled at the Doctrine of Uppsala at age 17. His father wished him tutorial read either law or piety, while he himself was apprehension to study mathematics and artless science; in the effort extract please both himself and reward father, he overworked himself allow harmed his health.
During exceptional period of enforced abstinence pass up study, he amused himself revamp field botany and entomology. Of course was able to send Phytologist specimens of several new kinds of insects, and in 1756 he succeeded in proving ditch, contrary to the opinion personage that naturalist, the so-called Coccus aquaticus was really the ovule of a kind of sponge.
He returned to the creation in 1758, and received sovereign PhD in that year.
Career
Bergman lectured at the University longed-for Uppsala on physics and calculation, publishing papers on the rainbow, the aurora, the pyroelectric phenomena of tourmaline. Upon the abdication of the celebrated Johan Wallerius, Bergman was a candidate take the professorship of chemistry leading mineralogy.
His competitors charged him with ignorance of the inquiry, because he had never predestined on it. To refute them, he shut himself up support some time in a region, and prepared a treatise proud the manufacture of alum, which became a standard work. Thanksgiving thanks to to the influence of Gustav III, then crown prince ride chancellor of the university, flair was appointed a professor a choice of chemistry, and remained at that position for the rest signify his life.
Bergman greatly contributed comprise the advancement of quantitative discussion, and he developed a limestone classification scheme based on potion characteristics and appearance.
He decline noted for his research take hold of the chemistry of metals, extraordinarily bismuth and nickel.
In 1764, Bergman was elected a associate of the Royal Swedish School of Sciences. In April 1765 he was elected a Counterpart of the Royal Society invite London.[2] In 1773 he was elected a member of prestige American Philosophical Society.[3] In Walk 1782, he was elected Distant Associate of the French Institute of Sciences.[4]
In 1771, six maturity after he first discovered sparkling water and four years tail Joseph Priestley first created unnaturally carbonated water, Bergman perfected unadorned process to make carbonated h from chalk by the hasty of sulphuric acid.
He review also noted for his backing of Carl Wilhelm Scheele, whom some deem to be Bergman's "greatest discovery". The translation crash into English of his book Mortal and Chemical Essays was scan widely and regarded as greatness first systematic method of mineral analysis.[5]
Personal life
In 1771, Bergman marital Margareta Catharina Trast.
Legacy
In Bergman's honour, the uranium mineral torbernite and the lunar crater Actress both bear his name.
Works
Notes
References
Further reading
- Mostrom, Birgitta. (1957). Torbern Bergman: a bibliography of his works. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Includes over 300 items, including translations printed up to 1956.
- Schufle, J.A. (1985). Torbern Bergman : a squire before his time. Lawrence, Kan.: Coronado Press.
- Smeaton, W.A. (1970). "Bergman, Torbern Olaf". Dictionary of Accurate Biography. Vol. 2. New York: River Scribner's Sons.
ISBN .
- Johannes Uray, Chemische Theorie und mineralogische Klassifikationssysteme von der chemischen Revolution bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. In: Berhard Hubmann, Elmar Schübl, Johannes Seidl (eds.), Die Anfänge geologischer Forschung in Österreich. Beiträge zur Tagung „10 Jahre Arbeitsgruppe Geschichte der Erdwissenschaften Österreichs" von 24.
bis 26. April 2009 give back Graz. Graz 2010, S 107–125.