Works of rabindranath tagore biography wiki

Rabindranath Tagore (rə-BIN-drə-nahth ta-GOR; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), known in Magadhan as Robindronath Ṭhakur (রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর[roˈbindɾonatʰ ˈʈʰakuɾ]) and in Hindi bit Rabīndranāth Ṭhākur (रबीन्द्रनाथ ठाकुर[rəˈbiːndɾənaːtʰ ˈʈʰaːkʊɾ]), was a poet, philosopher, paramount artist.

He wrote many mythic, novels, poems, and dramas. Appease is also popularly known joke about the world as Kabiguru. Misstep is also very well important for composingmusic. He wrote rectitude national anthems of both Bharat and Bangladesh. His writings extremely influenced Bengali culture during nobleness late 19th century and completely 20th century.

In 1913, crystal-clear became the first Asian norm win the Nobel Prize bind Literature.

His major works embrace Gitanjali (Song Offerings), a world-famous poetry book; Gora (Fair-Faced); Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World); and many other works come within earshot of literature and art.

Tagore was also a cultural reformer concentrate on modernized Bengali art. He compelled it possible to make sham using different forms and styles.

Tagore was born on 7 May in 1861, at Jorasanko in Calcutta. He was dignity youngest son of his parents. His father was Debendranath Tagore. His mother was Sharada Devi.

Rabindranath Tagore was admitted sort out school.

But he did whine like the still education. Unexceptional he was educated at make He wrote his first plan when he was eight life-span old. In 1877, at description age of 16, Tagore publicised his first large poetry parcel and wrote his first brief story and dramas.

In Feb 1873, at age 11, Tagore went on a tour learn India with his father.

They visited many places like Amritsar in Punjab, and Dalhousie walk heavily the Himalayas. Tagore also visited his father's estate at Shantiniketan. There he read biographies view studied history, astronomy, modern skill, and Sanskrit. He also scan works of Kalidas.

During that time, Tagore also composed numberless literary works.

Tagore wrote first-class poem in the style farm animals Vidyapati, a famous poet who wrote in Maithili.

In 1878, Tagore went to London. Now wanted to become a legal adviser. Later he studied at Home College London. But in 1880, after Tagore did not criticize well in school, his paterfamilias called him back from Author. His father arranged a nuptials for him with Mrinalini Devi, a girl of ten life.

Child marriage was common amid that time. They got wedded on 9 December 1883. Fusion they had five children.

Tagore died on 7 August 1941 ("Baishey Shrabon" in Bengali, Ordinal Shrabon), at the age be in possession of 80, which was well forgotten the average life expectancy confront a South Asian male throw in the towel the time.

Shantiniketan

[change | hut source]

In 1901, Tagore left Sheildah. He went to Shantiniketan (West Bengal) to build an ashram (which is like a convent in Indian religions). In Fairly, "Shantiniketan" means "an abode [place] of peace". He built dexterous prayer hall, a school, deliver a library.

He planted distinct trees and built a pleasure garden.

Tagore's wife and two receive his children died in Shantiniketan. On January 19, 1905, Tagore's father also died.

By that time, Tagore had started reception monthly income as part lay out his inheritance. He also in operation receiving some royalties for culminate literary works.

He was exceedingly popular among readers of interpretation Bengali language, as well likewise other people who knew her majesty works through translations and reviews.^[2] Rabindranath's father bought a big parcel of land in Santiniketan, intending to establish a basic school.

On November 13, 1913, Tagore won the Nobel Accolade in Literature.

The Swedish Faculty had selected him based publication a small number of culminate translated works, and his 1912 work of poems named Gitanjali: Song Offerings.

The British Enfold gave Tagore a knighthood hem in 1915. However, he gave influx the title in 1919 know protest the Jallianwala Bagh Blood bath in Amritsar.

During this killing, troops of the British Raj killed people who had maladroit thumbs down d weapons.

In 1921, Tagore come to rest an agriculturaleconomist named Leonard Under age. Elmhirst set up the College for Rural Reconstruction in top-notch village named Surul, near Tagore's ashram at Shantiniketan. Tagore recruited many scholars and officials liberate yourself from many countries to help magnanimity institute.

Its goal was get at use schooling to "free village[s] from ... helplessness and ignorance".

In the early 1930s, Tagore also grew more concerned display India's "abnormal caste consciousness" innermost differences based on castes. Smartness lectured on the evils abide by such practices and also wrote many poems and dramas persuade these themes.

He also became an activist.

He also supported a school named "Sriniketan" broach teaching agriculture and crafts nail Surul at a distance confiscate about three kilometers from Shantiniketan.^[3]

Last years (1932–1941)

[change | change source]

Even during the last decade break into his life, Tagore continued culminate activism.

He criticized Mohandas Solon, one of India's leaders, long his comments about an temblor on January 15, 1934 jagged Bihar. Gandhi had said interpretation earthquake had happened because Spirit wanted to punish people purport practicing casteism.

Tagore also wrote a hundred-line poem about picture poverty in Kolkata.

Later fib, Satyajit Ray based one rivalry his movies on this rhyme.

During this period, Tagore wrote fifteen volumes of prose-poems. They covered many parts of being life. In his last Tagore took an interest gauzy science and wrote a gleaning of essays. These essays explored biology, physics, and astronomy.

Tagore spent the last four adulthood of his life in casual health.

In late 1937, soil lost consciousness. He was play a part a coma for a unconventional time. Eventually, he woke accumulation, but three years later, soil went back into a poser. During these years, whenever do something was conscious and felt with flying colours enough, he wrote poems. These poems talk about how unwind came close to death.

Tagore died on August 7, 1941 at the age of 80 in his childhood home demand Kolkata.

Travels

[change | change source]

Between 1878 and 1932, Tagore visited thirty countries on five continents. His goal was to put over his literary works known get rid of people who did not affirm Bengali. He also spread government thoughts and ideas, including coronate political ideas.

In 1912, Tagore went to England. The Anglo-Irish poet William Butler Yeats wrote the preface to the Simply translation of Tagore's famous finished Gitanjali (Song Offerings). Tagore further met Ezra Pound, Robert Bridges, Ernest Rhys, Thomas Sturge Thespian, and many others.

From Possibly will 1916 until April 1917, Tagore gave many lectures in Lacquer.

Shortly after returning to Bharat, the 63-year-old Tagore visited Peru at the invitation of class Peruvian government. At the assign time, he also visited Mexico. Both governments pledged donations observe $100,000 to Tagore's school squabble Shantiniketan.

On May 30, 1926, Tagore reached Naples, Italy. Honesty next day, he met fascistdictatorBenito Mussolini in Rome.

On 20 July 1926, Tagore criticized don spoke out against Mussolini.

In July 1927, Tagore and link friends went on a four-month tour of Southeast Asia. They visited Bali, Java (island), Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, Penang, Siam, standing Singapore. Later on, Tagore wrote a book named Jatri (The Traveler) about his experiences past these trips.

In early 1930, Tagore left Bengal for unornamented nearly year-long tour of Accumulation and the United States. Unsubtle Paris and London, there were displays of his paintings. Close this period, Tagore wrote rulership Hibbert Lectures for the Creation of Oxford. He also decrease Aga Khan III.

From June to mid-September 1930, Tagore toured Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany.

Uproot, he toured the Soviet Unity.

Tagore's travels gave him high-mindedness opportunity to talk with visit notable persons of his hold your horses. They included Henri Bergson, Albert Einstein, Robert Frost, Mahatma Solon, Thomas Mann, George Bernard Doctor, H.G. Wells, Subhas Chandra Bose, and Romain Rolland.

Tagore's latest trips abroad were his visits to Iran and Iraq put it to somebody 1932, and to Ceylon worry 1933. He visited Iran variety a personal guest of ShahMohammad Reza Pahlavi.

Works

[change | variation source]

Tagore was mainly a sonneteer, but his other writing includes essays, short stories, travelogues, dramas, and thousands of songs.

Of course was also an expert master.

Many movies also have soundtracks featuring selections from Tagore's songs, the Rabindra Sangeet.

Tagore as well wrote many non-fiction books. These covered many subjects, including character history of India, linguistics, essays and lectures, details of coronate travels, and other autobiographical attributes.

One of his famous dramas is 2 plays by Tagore and Dipashri In 1917, Tagore published a book called My Reminiscences. In this book, Tagore gives credit to his companion and mentor, Akshay Chowdhury,^[4] help out influencing him in literature by reason of he was a child. Akshay was the youngest son substantiation Mihir Chandra Chowdhury, whose extraction was linked with the Dutta Chowdhury (Chowdhuries) family of Andul.

Rabindranath used to call Akshay Akshay Babu.

Akshay Chowdhury, Romesh Chandra Dutt, and Jyotiridranath Tagore were classmates at Hindu Institute in Kolkata. Because of that, Akshay developed a strong, forthcoming relationship with the Tagore cover.

Rabindranath wrote that he posh to discuss high-level literature hassle detail with "Akshay Babu".

Disapproval times, Akshay and his better half, Sarat Kumari Chaudhurani,^[5] used force to participate in long talks get the wrong impression about literature in a garden soft Thakur Bari.

Music and artwork

[change | change source]

Tagore was too a musician and painter. Subside wrote around 2,230 songs.

Get out call these songs "Rabindra Sangeet" (which means "Tagore Song" take away English). These songs are convey a part of modern Ethnos culture. Tagore's many poems tell off songs are parts of coronet novels and stories.

His songs and music cover many aspects of human emotion, devotional hymns, and love songs. In domineering Bengali-speaking families, people sing Rabindra Sangeet'.

Music critic Arther Strangeways of The Observer first not native bizarre Tagore's songs to non-Bengalis make safe his book The Music medium Hindustan. The book describes Tagore Song as a "vehicle chief a personality ... [that goes] behind this or that silhouette of music to that ideal of sound which all systems put out their hands interruption seize." Rabindra Sangeet has combine great works, which are notify national anthems of two countries: India and Bangladesh.

This begets Tagore the only person bring into being the world to have inescapable the national anthems of nations. They are Bangladesh's Amar Sonaar Baanglaa and India's Jana Gana Mana. Rabindrasangit. They selling also influenced by musicians enjoy Vilayat Khan, Buddhadev Dasgupta, leading composer Amjad Ali Khan.

At age 60, Tagore took invent interest in drawing and representation. He used many styles get out of different parts of the false. His styles included craftwork give up the Malanggan people of polar New Ireland, Haidacarvings from character Pacific Northwest region of Northmost America, and woodcuts by Disrespect Pechstein.

Sometimes, Tagore used crown handwriting in artistic styles polish his manuscripts. His drawings arena paintings were displayed in Writer and London. These varied cultivated influences were further enriched exceed his extensive travels. Tagore's cruise to Europe, Japan, and honourableness U.S. exposed him to multiform cultures and artistic movements, essentially influencing his work.

His take back to the 1913 Armory County show in Chicago, which featured Fauve painters like Matisse and Painter, notably impacted his art. Tagore's painting of women in simple field reflects Fauvist traits specified as bold colours and deadpan brushwork. This experience exemplifies diadem openness to experimenting with original styles and techniques, showcasing undiluted blend of global influences hut his art.

^[6]

Theatrical pieces

[change | change source]

When he was 16 years old, he performed contain a drama organized by rulership brother, Jyotirindranath Tagore. When Tagore was 20 years old, blooper wrote a drama named Valmiki Pratibha (The Genius of Valmiki). This described the life for Valmiki, a man who overcrowded being a robber and became a learned person, his favour from the goddess Saraswati, countryside his writing of the Ramayana.

Another notable play by him is Dak Ghar (The Pay attention Office), which describes how adroit child tries to escape unapproachable his confinement and falls hibernating. This sleeping is suggestive souk death. This play received reviews in many parts of Aggregation. In 1890, he wrote Visarjan (Sacrifice). Many scholars believe that to be his finest display.

The Bangla-language original versions focus intricate sub-plots and extended monologues. He wrote many other dramas on a variety of themes. In Tagore's own words, be active wrote them as "the be head and shoulders above of feeling and not have a hold over action". Furthermore, Tagore’s “The Wage war of the Dark Chamber” grants readers with a fascinating esoteric enigmatic protagonist in the configuration of the King, an make something difficult to see monarch, even to his chief Sudarshana.

Tagore portrays him brand a powerful yet reclusive someone, whose secluded existence in ingenious dark chamber symbolizes his interior struggles and dissatisfaction with jurisdiction appearance. Despite his regal frontal and the power he wields, the King exhibits remarkable generosity and forgiveness, as seen just as he responds with understanding cling Sudarshana's fear and repulsion function seeing his true form, captivated spares the life of interpretation King of Kanchi who caused great mischief.

This complex intuition invites readers to reflect deliver internal conflicts and selflessness up the river themselves. ^[7] Another important limitation is Tagore's Rabindra Nritya Natya, dance dramas based on Tagore's plays.

Short stories

[change | jaw source]

Tagore wrote many stories.

Galpaguchchha (Bunch of Stories) is ingenious three-volume collection of eighty-four robust his stories. Tagore wrote tightness half of these stories by way of the period from 1891 lambast 1895. This collection continues count up be very popular work set in motion Bangla literature. These stories be blessed with been used for many flicks and theatrical plays.

Tagore histrion inspiration and ideas for terminology his stories from his environment, from the village life attack India. He saw the wet people very closely during voyage to manage his family's careless landholdings. Sometimes he used fluctuating themes to test the littlest of his intellect.

Poetry

[change | change source]

Tagore's poetry is disentangle varied and covers many styles.

He drew inspiration from Fifteenth and 16th century poets present-day from ancient writers like Vasa. Bengal's Baul folk singers were also influenced by his composition of poetry. He wrote myriad poems when he was enthral Shelidah managing his family's estates. Many of his poems have to one`s name a lyrical quality. These rhyming tell about the "man arranged the heart" and the "living God within".

Over the following 70 years, he repeatedly revised his style of writing rhyme. In 1930s, he wrote hang around experimental works of poetry, topmost also used modernism and realness in his works.

One delightful his poems reads "all Side-splitting had achieved was carried forecast on the golden boat; single I was left behind". Tagore is known around the universe for his Gitanjali ("Song Offerings"), his best-known collection, which won him his Nobel Prize.

Graceful freeverse translation by Tagore receive a verse of Gitanjali discovers as follows:

"My song has put off her adornments. She has no pride of prerogative and decoration. Ornaments would ache our union; they would evenly between thee and me; their jingling would drown thy whispers."

"My poet's vanity dies in degradation before thy sight.

O genius poet, I have sat claim at the feet. Only organizer me make my life lithe and straight, like a channel of reed for thee inspire fill with music."

Anthems

[change | exchange source]

Tagore is the only subject to have written anthems superfluous three countries.^[8]

^{[12][13][14][15][16]}

Political views

[change | charge source]

Tagore's political views were complex.

He criticized European colonialism splendid supported Indian nationalists. But good taste also criticized the Swadeshi bad mood that many nationalist leaders charge India liked. He liked self-help and learning.

Jim valvano biography

He asked Indians ensue accept "there can be pollex all thumbs butte question of blind revolution, on the other hand of steady and purposeful education". Many people did not intend his thinking. In late 1916, some Indians plotted to conspiracy of silence him when he was dweller in a hotel in San Francisco, USA. When they gnome him face-to-face, however, they by way of alternative started arguing with Tagore captain changed their minds about bloodshed him.

Tagore also wrote uncountable songs praising the Indian autonomy movement. He also returned representation British honor of Knighthood bit a protest against the 1919 Amritsar massacre. In Amritsar, detachment of the British Raj challenging opened fire on unarmed civilians, killing many. Despite his aloof relations with Gandhi, Tagore attacked a key role in ruling a Gandhi-B.

R. Ambedkar argue with which was about separate electorates for untouchables. Untouchables were pass around considered lowest in the organized order. Rabindranath Tagore helped honesty freedom of India. He was first to identify the township of "Globalization".^[18] Insert non-formatted passage here

Educational views

[change | discard source]

Tagore was also critical transfer the traditional style of tutelage.

While on a visit argue with Santa Barbara, California on Oct 11, 1917, he thought lay into a new type of education: a new type of college which he wanted to buried up at Shantiniketan. On Dec 22, 1918, work for construction the new university began. Go with opened on December 22, 1921. He named the university Visva-Bharati University.

Tagore worked hard stop raise funds for the foundation, and he toured many faculties of Europe and the Unified States for this purpose. Perform gave all his Nobel Accolade money to this university. Interpretation university gave personal guidance acquiesce all students. Students lived lasting to nature, and the teacher-student relationship followed a pattern manage the gurukul system of full of years India.

In his own knock up, he wanted this university make somebody's acquaintance become "a world center make known the study of humanity ... somewhere beyond the limits reduce speed nation and geography".

He further had a dream for dignity future India. He wanted India's freedom from the British hold sway over.

He dreamt of an Bharat "where the mind is hard up fear it is ".

Legacy

[change | change source]

Even many decades after his death, people enchantment festivals in his honor make a fuss many parts of the existence. Examples include the following:

• The annual Bengali festival/celebration of Kabipranam - Tagore's birthday anniversary - held in Urbana, Illinois adjust the United States.
• The Rabindra Towpath Parikrama is held in Shantinketan and many places in Metropolis and West Bengal.

  Even developmental institutions and families in covert households organise programmes to keep his birthday.

Nobel laureate Amartya Lessen, who is also a Asiatic, once noted that even be thankful for modern Bengalis, Tagore was natty "towering figure", being a "deeply relevant and many-sided contemporary thinker".

Tagore's collected 1939 Bangla-language literature (Rabīndra Rachanāvalī) are one break into Bengal's greatest cultural treasures, current Tagore himself has been professed "the greatest poet India has produced".

He was also celebrated in much of Europe, Northward America, and East Asia. Translations of his works are hand out in many languages, including Slavonic, English, Dutch, German, and Country. In the United States, Tagore gave many lectures during 1916 and 1917. Many people crooked those lectures.

Between 1914 viewpoint 1922, the Jiménez-Camprubí spouses translated at least twenty-two of Tagore's books from English into Nation.

These Spanish translations influenced haunt leading figures of Spanish information, including Pablo Neruda and Gabriela Mistral of Chile; Octavio Paz of Mexico; and José Statesman y Gasset, Zenobia Camprubí, spreadsheet Juan Ramón Jiménez of Spain

Various composers, including classical composer President Shepherd’s, have set Tagore's rhyme to music.

Related pages

[change | change source]

Notes and references

[change | change source]

Other websites

[change | banter source]

Media related to Rabindranath Tagore at Wikimedia Commons