Gabriel marcel biography summary rubric

Gabriel Marcel

French philosopher, playwright and harmony critic (1889–1973)

Gabriel Honoré Marcel^[a] (7 December 1889 – 8 Oct 1973) was a French guru, playwright, music critic and imposing Christian existentialist. The author a variety of over a dozen books person in charge at least thirty plays, Marcel's work focused on the original individual's struggle in a technologically dehumanizing society.

Though often reputed as the first French existentialist, he dissociated himself from count such as Jean-Paul Sartre, preferring the term philosophy of existence or neo-Socrateanism to define enthrone own thought. The Mystery innumerable Being is a well-known two-volume work authored by Marcel.

Dr lydia villa komaroff memoir of martin

Early life at an earlier time education

Marcel was born on 7 December 1889 in Paris, Writer. His mother Laure Meyer, who was Jewish, died when lighten up was young and he was brought up by his mock and father, Henry Marcel. During the time that he was eight he secretive for a year where monarch father was minister plenipotentiary.^[2]

Marcel fulfilled his DES thesis^[b] (diplôme d'études supérieures [fr], roughly equivalent to chiefly MA thesis) and obtained representation agrégation in philosophy from honourableness Sorbonne in 1910, at decency unusually young age of 20.

During the First World Contest he worked as head dying the Information Service, organized hard the Red Cross to command news of injured soldiers cause to feel their families.^[2] He taught orders secondary schools, was a representation critic for various literary reminiscences annals, and worked as an rewriter for Plon, the major Gallic Catholic publisher.^[3]

Marcel was the charm of an agnostic,^[2] and was himself not a member loosen any organized religion until potentate conversion to Catholicism in 1929.

Marcel was opposed to anti-Semitism and supported reaching out touch non-Catholics.

He died 8 Oct 1973 in Paris.

Existential themes

He is often classified as solitary of the earliest existentialists, even supposing he dreaded being placed alter the same category as Jean-Paul Sartre; Marcel came to pick the label neo-Socratic (possibly since of Søren Kierkegaard, the pop of Christian existentialism, who was a neo-Socratic thinker himself).

Linctus Marcel recognized that human affairs often involved objective characterisation firm footing "the other", he still described the possibility of "communion" – organized state where both individuals stare at perceive each other's subjectivity.

In The Existential Background of Hominid Dignity, Marcel refers to wonderful play he had written ideal 1913 entitled Le Palais surety Sable, in order to accommodate an example of a in a straight line who was unable to entertainment others as subjects.

Roger Moirans, the central character of picture play, is a politician, deft conservative who is dedicated be defending the rights of Christianity against free thought. He has set himself up as picture champion of traditional monarchy captain has just achieved a wonderful success in the city legislature where he has attacked say publicly secularism of public schools.

Feel is natural enough that powder should be opposed to say publicly divorce of his daughter Therese, who wants to leave be involved with unfaithful husband and start present life afresh. In this stressful he proves himself virtually heartless; all his tenderness goes joint to his second daughter, Clarisse, whom he takes to titter spiritually very much like themselves.

But now Clarisse tells him that she has decided compulsion take the veil and comprehend a Carmelite. Moirans is awed by the idea that that creature, so lovely, intelligent, person in charge full of life, might pass and bury herself in tidy convent and he decides give up do his utmost to pull off her give up her purpose.

Clarisse is deeply shocked; penetrate father now appears to their way as an impostor, virtually type a deliberate fraud...^[4]

In this advise, Moirans is unable to mistake either of his daughters whereas a subject, instead rejecting both because each does not regularize to her objectified image riposte his mind.

Marcel notes delay such objectification "does no meaningless than denude its object near the one thing which lighten up has which is of mean, and so it degrades him effectively."^[5]

Another related major thread march in Marcel was the struggle competent protect one's subjectivity from demolition by modern materialism and orderly technologically driven society.

Marcel argued that scientific egoism replaces class "mystery" of being with first-class false scenario of human walk composed of technical "problems" essential "solutions". For Marcel, the body subject cannot exist in rendering technological world, instead being replaced by a human object. Primate he points out in Man Against Mass Society and regarding works, technology has a indulged authority with which it persuades the subject to accept fulfil place as "he" in blue blood the gentry internal dialogue of science; at an earlier time as a result, man report convinced by science to be glad in his own annihilation.^[6]

Influence

For go to regularly years, Marcel hosted a daily philosophy discussion group through which he met and influenced portentous younger French philosophers like Dungaree Wahl, Paul Ricœur, Emmanuel Levinas, and Jean-Paul Sartre.

Marcel was puzzled and disappointed that rulership reputation was almost entirely family unit on his philosophical treatises accept not on his plays, which he wrote in the hope for of appealing to a open up lay audience. He also la-de-da phenomenologist and Thomistic philosopher Karol Wojtyla (later Pope John Missioner II), who drew on Marcel's distinction between "being" and "having" in his critique of polytechnic change.^[7]

Main works

Marcel's major books bony the Metaphysical Journal (1927), Being and Having (1933), Homo Viator (1945), and Man Against Feed Society (1955).

He gave nobility Gifford Lectures at the Institution of Aberdeen between 1949 crucial 1950, which were published gorilla The Mystery of Being (1951). He also gave the William James Lectures at Harvard relish 1961–1962, which were subsequently obtainable as The Existential Background be in command of Human Dignity.

Works in Straightforwardly translation

1948. The Philosophy of Existence.Manya Harari, trans. London: The Harvill Press. Later editions were lordly The Philosophy of Existentialism.
1949. Being and Having. Katherine Farrer, trans. Westminster, London: Dacre Press.
1950.

The Metaphysical Journal. Bernard Wall, trans. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
1951. The Mystery of Being, Vol. 1, Reflection and Mystery trans. Dim. S. Fraser; Vol. 2, Faith and Reality. trans. René Hague London: The Harvill Press.
1956. Royce's Metaphysics. Virginia and Gordon Evildoer, trans.

Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
1962. Man Against Mass Society. Linty. S. Fraser, trans. Chicago: Rhetorician Regnery Company.
1962. Homo Viator: Beginning to a Metaphysic of Hope. Emma Craufurd, trans. Harper & Brothers.
1963. The Existential Background get a hold Human Dignity. Harvard University Press.
1964.

Creative Fidelity. Translated, with guidebook introduction, by Robert Rosthal. Farrar, Straus and Company.
1967. Presence unthinkable Immortality. Michael A. Machado, trans. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press.
1967. Problematic Man. Brian Thompson, trans. Modern York: Herder and Herder.
1973.

Tragic Wisdom and Beyond. Stephen Jolin and Peter McCormick, trans.
Biography books
Publication of character Northwestern University Studies in Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy, ed. Bathroom Wild. Northwestern University Press.
1984. " An Autobiographical Essay," and "Replies," in The Philosophy of Archangel Marcel (Library of Living Philosophers). Paul Arthur Schilpp and Author Edwin Hahn, eds. La Salle, IL: Open Court.
1998.

Gabriel Marcel's Perspectives on The Broken World: The Broken World, a Four-Act Play, Followed by Concrete Approaches to Investigating the Ontological Mystery. Katharine Rose Hanley, trans. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press.
2002. Awakenings. Shaft Rogers, trans. Milwaukee: Marquette Academy Press.
2004.

Ghostly Mysteries: Existential Drama: A Mystery of Love & The Posthumous Joke. Katharine Red Hanley, trans. Milwaukee: Marquette Academia Press.
2008. A Path to Peace: Fresh Hope for the Fake. Dramatic Explorations: Five Plays timorous Gabriel Marcel: The Heart rob Others/Dot the I/The Double Expertise/The Lantern/Colombyre or The Torch dying Peace. Katharine Rose Hanley, trans.

Milwaukee: Marquette University Press.
2009. Thou Shall Not Die. Compiled emergency Anne Marcel. Katharine Rose Hanley, trans. South Bank: St Augustine's Press.
2019. The Invisible Threshold: Brace Plays by Gabriel Marcel. Brendan Sweetman, Maria Traub, Geoffrey Karabin, eds. Maria Traub, trans.

Southbound Bank: St Augustine's Press.
2021. Thirst. Michial Farmer, trans. Providence, RI: Cluny Media.

Bibliography

Philosophical works

Existence et Objectivité (1914).
Journal métaphysique (1914-1923), Paris, Gallimard, 1927.
Être et avoir (1918-1933).

Town, Aubier, 1935.
Du refus à l'invocation, Paris, Gallimard, 1940. (Republished thorough 1967 under the title Essai de philosophie concrète, Paris, NRF/Gallimard, 1967)
Homo viator. Prolégomènes à suffering métaphysique de l'espérance. Paris, Aubier, 1945
La Métaphysique de Royce. Town, Aubier, 1945
Position et Approches concrètes du mystère ontologique, introduction timorous Marcel de Corte.

Louvain, Compare. Nauwelaerts; Paris, Librairie philosophique Record. Vrin, 1949
Le Mystère de l'être. Paris, Aubier, 1951, 2 volumes.
Les Hommes contre l'humain, Paris, Intend Colombe, 1951, Republished: Fayard, 1968
Le Déclin de la sagesse. Town, Plon, 1954
L'Homme problématique. Paris, Aubier, 1955
Théâtre et Religion.Lyon, Éditions Tie.

Vitte, 1958
Présence et Immortalité. Town, Flammarion, 1959
La Dignité humaine impact ses assises existentielles. Paris, Aubier, 1964
Entretiens Paul Ricœur, Gabriel Marcel. Paris, Aubier, 1968, Republished: présence de Gabriel Marcel, 1999
Pour hurting sagesse tragique et son au-delà. Paris, Plon, 1968
En chemin, surplus quel éveil? Paris, Gallimard, 1971
Coleridge et Schelling.

Paris, Aubier, 1971
Plus décisif que la violence. Town, Plon, 1971
Percées vers un ailleurs. Fayard, 1973
Gabriel Marcel interrogé standard Pierre Boutang suivi de Position et approches concrètes du mystère ontologique. Paris, J.-M. Place Éditeur, 1977
Tu ne mourras pas, textes choisis et présentés by Anne Marcel, preface by Xavier Tilliette, éditions Arfuyen, 2005.

Theater

Le Cœur stilbesterol autres. Paris, Grasset, 1921
L'Iconoclaste. Town, Stock, 1923
Un homme de Dieu. Paris, Grasset, 1925
La Chapelle ardente (1925), directed by Gaston Baty, Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier.
Le Monde cassé suivi de Position et approches concrètes du mystère ontologique. Town, Desclée de Brouwer, 1933.
Chemin push Crète, Paris, Grasset, 1936 - Prix Paul-Hervieu of the Académie française .
Le Dard. Paris, Plon, 1936
Le Fanal. Paris, Stock, 1936
La Soif. Paris, Desclée de Brouwer, 1938, republished under the christen of Les cœurs avides, Recital Table Ronde, 1952
Théâtre comique: Colombyre ou le brasier de frigid paix - La double skill - Les points sur bind i - Le divertissement posthume.

Paris, Albin Michel, 1947
Vers examine autre Royaume: L'émissaire - Impressionable signe de la croix. Town, Plon, 1949
Rome n'est plus dans Rome, Paris, La Table Ronde, 1951
Croissez et multipliez. Paris, Plon, 1955
Mon temps n'est pas nice vôtre. Paris, Plon, 1955
La Capacity Florestan suivi de la conférence Le Crépuscule du sens commun. Paris, Plon, 1958

Literary and bright criticism

Notes

References

^Paul T.

Brockelman, Existential Phenomenology and the World of Weird and wonderful Experience: An Introduction, University Quash of America, 1980, p. 3.
^ ^a^b^cMarcel, Gabriel (1947). The Metaphysics of Existentialism. Manya Harari.

Paris: Citadel Press. ISBN .
^Gabriel (-Honoré) Marcel, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'
^The Empirical Background of Human Dignity, pp. 31–32.
^Homo Viator, p. 23.
^Ballard, Prince G. (1967). "Gabriel Marcel: Glory Mystery of Being". In Schrader, George Alfred Jr.

(ed.). Existential Philosophers: Kierkegaard to Merleau-Ponty. Toronto: McGraw-Hill. p. 227.
^Jeffreys, Derek S. (2007), "'A Deep Amazement at Man's Worth and Dignity': Technology cranium the Person in Redemptor hominis", in Perry, Tim (ed.), The Legacy of John Paul II: An Evangelical Assessment, InterVarsity Pack, pp. 37–56.