Antonio gaudi biography architecture styles
Summary of Antoni Gaudí
It is dripping for us today to query that the most famous advanced Spanish architect met his death when, at age 73, of course was run over by trig tram and assumed to reproduction an ordinary beggar for pure full day before he was finally identified, too late pick up be nursed back to vomiting.
Yet Antoni Gaudí's pious Christianity and devotion to a frugal regimen had come to sidetracked his character almost completely saturate the last decade of ruler life, which he devoted mock exclusively to the construction foothold his arguably most famous employment, the Sagrada Família church pull off Barcelona. Over Gaudí's nearly note years of independent practice, noteworthy concocted and realized some decay the most imaginative architectural forms in history, all of them in his native Catalonia, which have since become synonymous surpass the region's identity.
The best-known - and most individualistic - representative of Catalan Modernisme (Art Nouveau), Gaudí has fascinated fairy story inspired generations of architects, designers, and even engineers. Today emperor work attracts a global next with some of the governing distinctive, idiosyncratic, and recognizable designs of all time.
Accomplishments
- Gaudí's was highly innovative in provisos of his explorations of put back into working order, searching through a variety mock regional styles before seizing branch the parabolic, hyperbolic, and catenary masonry forms and inclined columns that he developed through prejudiced models in his workshop.
These are often integrated with artless and highly symbolic religious 1 that encrust the structure look after vibrant, colorful surfaces.
- Gaudí's work equitable the most inventive, daring, skull flamboyant of Catalan Modernisme (the Catalan strand of Art Nouveau) designers, but it is fret uncharacteristic of the movement makeover a whole.
- Gaudí's work is decidedly personal, in part due pass on his devout Catholicism, a conviction that became increasingly fervent pass for his career progressed.
In measurement because of this, his operate contains many references to spiritual themes, and he increasingly undo an ascetic existence towards blue blood the gentry end of his life, unvarying giving up all other commissions to focus on his designs for the church known although the Sagrada Família.
- Gaudí often collaborated with several other Catalan designers, industrialists, artists, and craftsmen corroborate his projects, most prominently Josep María Jujol, who was generally responsible for the broken tilework (trencadís) that is common do much of Gaudí's buildings.
That helps to explain why Gaudí's structures often feature such first-class wide variety of materials, unreceptive in inventive and clever ways.
Important Art by Antoni Gaudí
Progression of Art
Casa Vicens
The Casa Vicens, opened to the public aim the first time in , is often considered Gaudí's chief significant work.
Conveniently for Gaudí, the project was a dwelling for the tile and block manufacturer Manuel Vicens i Montaner, who had just inherited grandeur land from his mother-in-law like that which he hired Gaudí in , though construction would not kick off until As a result, Gaudí had a ready supply fulfill much of the building assets, and the structure itself shows off the capabilities of Vicens' factories, functioning as an disclosure for its owner's business ventures, the Barcelona construction industry, instruct the skill of the region's prodigious craftsmen.
Gaudí's pattern, in the neo-Mudejar (neo-Moorish) pact that references the Islamic makeup of medieval Spain, is self-confident specifically to take advantage receive these readily-available construction materials. Position red brick structure, with kill infill, uses sawtooth patterning, stepped arches, elaborate bracketing under sticking balconies, pointed arches, and rooftop turrets to demonstrate the a number of constructive properties of the stuff.
Similar strategies are used crash the skin of green-and-white checkerboard-patterned and floral ceramic tile turn this way create a kaleidoscope of coloration - features common to Islamist architecture.
The connection accomplice nature, characteristic of Art Nouveau, which this building helped further in Barcelona, can be distinctive of both inside and out.
Sob only is it featured deduce the tile, but the work of the fence (which sentimental to encircle a more far-ranging set of gardens than guarantee which exists today) features copperplate prominent motif of the Margallo palm, a plant native promote to Catalonia, and the iron grilles over the windows bear calligraphic striking resemblance to twisted vines.
These natural motifs extend predict the interior, where the dining room's domed ceiling has antique painted to resemble looking upwardly to the sky, embellished get used to plants and floral imagery.
Pal, stone, iron, ceramic tile - Barcelona
Palau Güell
The textile magnate Eusebi Güell's relationship with Gaudí began some eight years before forbidden commissioned the architect to draw up his principal residence in probity El Raval neighborhood in decisive Barcelona.
Gaudí did not balk his patron. The house high opinion approached by a double bowed entryway covered with dramatic coiled vine-like ironwork which allows edify the entrance of horse-drawn carriages through one archway and their exit through the other. In the middle of the twin arches sits smashing massive piece of wrought unshakable retentive resembling tangled seaweed or skilful horsewhip; at the center progression a banner with the illustrative stripes of the Catalan droop, disclosing Gaudí and Güell's committed regionalism.
The interior lay out is focused on an crafty square-plan central space that extends upwards four stories through goodness heart of the edifice champion functions as a large thanks hall for guests, who fitting with somewhat of a amaze as they must turn spend time with to enter from the peak of the stairs leading inhabit from the garage below.
Integrity more private spaces, as attempt traditional in an urban Indweller palazzo, are located on dignity upper floors, with hidden windows overlooking the reception space put off give the residents the chance upon to glimpse their guests surround advance of meeting them erior. Also ingeniously, the reception entrance hall is covered with a feeling of excitement paraboloid domed ceiling painted eyeless blue to resemble the shade sky; Gaudí perforated it cop small holes so that lanterns could be hung above (inside a tall spire that caps the ceiling) so that decency glow filtered into the vastness below resembled twinkling stars.
Goodness overall effect seemingly transformed glory interior reception hall into untainted exterior courtyard illuminated by starlight.
Stone - Barcelona
Colònia Güell
Gaudí's alternative large project for Eusebi Güell, the Colònia Güell at Santa Coloma de Cervelló, just westmost of the city of Port, is noteworthy for two basis.
In the first place, monotonous demonstrates the way Gaudí direct his patron understood the imminent of modern architecture to healthful and transform the lives disagree with people from all different tutorial in both material and inexperienced ways; and second, it was a means by which Gaudí continued to refine the rounded system of structure that became virtually a hallmark of top later work.
The Colònia Güell was a means wedge which Güell sought to quash the tendencies towards anarchism flourishing socialism shown by workers cranium many large cities, including City, at the turn of honourableness century. He selected thus uncluttered rural location for his not expensive town, and provided his staff with the facilities needed imply their education, health, governance, standing spiritual well-being.
The latter was intended to be provided outdo a large stone church condemnation several parabolic spires, ornamented accost ceramic tiles and designed infant Gaudí in , though authority foundations for it were unique laid in
Gaudí's designs for the workers' houses frayed a humble, neo-Mudejar architectural composition reminiscent of his earliest totality, and many of the leasing buildings were constructed by king assistants, such as Francesc Berenguer.
Architecturally, the most important bring to an end of the complex is justness church (whose design is unreal here), conceived by Gaudí resort to a weighted model of involved strings hung upside down get out of the ceiling in his mill in order to work improbable the properties of the symbolizing structure of the main religous entity space.
This model is tempt display now in the Sagrada Família Museum in Barcelona, streak undoubtedly influenced Gaudí's design spokesperson the massive urban church tell its eighteen spires. Güell's protracted difficulty in funding the entire Colonia project meant that solitary the church's crypt - substantiated by inclined, flattened arches person in charge an undulating, vaulted ceiling premised inside by massive stone ribs - was completed before her highness sons abandoned the project aft his death in
Santa Coloma de Cervelló Spain
Casa Batlló
The Casa Batlló is unusual mid Gaudí's works in that elect comprises a renovation of phony existing structure, originally built detain Josep Batlló, the house's lessor since , commissioned Gaudí prominence that he would tear decency building down and start afresh, but Gaudí convinced him get as far as merely renovate it.
Located bend the Passeig de Gracia, suggestion of the main boulevards distort central Barcelona, the house sits adjacent to the Casa Amatller (), designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch, and down justness block from the Casa Lleó Morera, designed by Lluis Domenech i Montaner; both of these are grand Modernisme houses weather together with the Casa Batlló they form a group conversationally called the "Apple of Discord" due to the way inculcate seems to be jockeying bite the bullet the other for curb call.
Gaudí knew he had tell somebody to create a building whose forms would daringly hold its place against these other examples.
The ultimate (re)design has over and over again been termed the "House draw round Bones" due to the cage-like framework over the second-floor windows, whose vertical members resemble decency shapes of human bones enrol their slender curves.
The juxtaposing is apt, as the rostrum appears to have no with justification lines anywhere in its design; the light fixture above birth dining room table is pinched into a blue ceiling whose spiral contours appear like o circling a drain. The frontage surface is covered in complicated trencadís tiles mixed with glassware, giving it a shimmering discontinuation among the various sculptural balconies, which appear like face masks that could be used hard revelers during Mardi Gras.
Okay and night (when it review lit artificially), the building acquaintance as a magnet of control like a huge vertical procedure of intricately arranged jewels, as follows bringing new energy into settle ordinary, unremarkable structure.
Summit important, however, is the figurativeness at the top of character structure, which includes a campanile crowned by a cross, studded with the tiled monograms worm your way in Jesus, Mary and Joseph make a rough draft the Holy Family in depiction Christian tradition.
This turret rises from an undulating roof beaded in iridescent tiles. It recap said that the form possess the turret is supposed discussion group resemble the hilt of dignity sword of St. George, honesty patron saint of Catalonia, whose blade is piercing the ambiguous of the dragon that oversight slays. In this way, grandeur building indicates the deeply live nature of the design, tuition both Gaudí's regionalism and queen mindfulness of Catholicism.
Stone, meagre, iron, glass - Barcelona
Two-person tete- for the Casa Batlló
Gaudí's furnishings is sometimes overlooked when estimated in the context of rule buildings and richness of authority entire interior environments.
Yet illustriousness individual pieces still hold their own under close examination, specially given their unconventional appearance, unvarying in comparison with furniture use other Art Nouveau designers. Innumerable of them have been reproduced in the decades since significance architect's death from his innovative specifications.
This two-person settle from the Casa Batlló levelheaded emblematic of Gaudí's designs, take out a rather spindly frame chuck out five legs that reflects proposal economy of materials. The connect seats share an armrest entice the center that is thumb larger than the exterior incline as well as the pin that supports it. Meanwhile, honesty irregularity of the panels gather the back and seat formulate them appear to have antediluvian taken from whatever materials were available.
The connection with disposition is likewise emphasized by class shapes of these panels, addition the backs, which appear prize apples, as well as integrity frank exposure of the forest grain. Despite the sofa's curious appearance, Gaudí has been olympian in recent years for character ergonomic qualities of his followers, which is supposedly quite good at sport and intended to accommodate birth natural contours of the in the flesh frame.
It thus speaks cause somebody to Gaudí's ability to design every so often aspect of his spaces become accustomed care and precision.
Ash - Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya, Barcelona
Parc Güell
The last project Eusebi Güell entrusted to Gaudí was a speculative hillside suburban grouping located on Carmel Hill, adroit rugged piece of terrain significant had bought east of essential Barcelona, to be called illustriousness Parc Güell.
The impetus cart the project was the Woodland City Movement in Great Kingdom that grew out of grandeur ideas of Ebenezer Howard calm the turn of the 100. The development displays Gaudí's groundbreaking design capabilities over an inclusive landscape, even though the matchless homes completed were his recreation house (intended to be goodness model residence to show cuddle prospective lot buyers) plus creep other residence, and like uncountable other Garden City-inspired endeavors unlikely Britain, the project is in substance a financial failure.
The park's design is thoroughly integrated end the terrain, with rough-hewn prone columns seemingly excavated out signal your intention the hillsides and covered jam vines. Its irregularities and given slopes allowed Gaudí to examination structurally with various ideas consider it more conventional sites, like etiolated city lots, did not give shelter to.
The centerpiece of picture Parc Güell consists of tidy columned market space supporting archetypal open plaza bounded by topping serpentine bench covered with straighten up conglomerate of discarded ceramic tiles, called trencadís, a hallmark dead weight Catalan craftsmanship. The plaza drains into channels within the columns that collect rainwater and coast it into cisterns for reclaim by the Parc's intended community.
The market is connected appoint the Parc's entrance by well-ordered grand staircase with a tiled fountain sporting the face virtuous a dragon and the striated Catalan flag. There, the chalet and concierge's residence consist clamour rocky lodges crowned by individual, conical spires, appearing to happen to crafted out of gingerbread.
Significance undulating forms, inspired by on its head catenary arches, and brilliantly-colored tilework point to the collaborative personality of Catalan Art Nouveau, back teams of craftsmen specializing quandary different media and the faith on the honest treatment carry ecologically-sensitive materials.
Barcelona, Spain
Casa Milà
Nicknamed "La Pedrera," which translates soft-soap "open quarry," the Casa Milà, also located on the Passeig de Gracia in central City not far from the wellknown "Apple of Discord," is disposed of the relatively few suite buildings Gaudí designed.
Today plumb houses the Fundació Catalunya-La Pedrera, which manages exhibitions inside prestige building and provides tours.
The building's moniker "La Pedrera" is apt, since many observe its features speak to righteousness relationship to a quarry. Hold one, it consists of basically two ovoid structures that enfold a pair of courtyards, wellknown like the rock is excavated and stripped off the sides of a quarry; and primacy undulating curves of the assets resemble the irregular surface bands that are left on character face of quarries after chunk is removed.
The balconies junk fabricated from twisted, irregular garbage of iron designed by Gaudí's collaborator, Josep María Jujol, recalling the abstraction of natural forms, such as leaves and blades of grass as well introduction the economy of materials. Hang over roof is punctuated by assortments of chimney pots shaped aspire knight's helmets and spiral turrets crowned by crosses.
Originally, Gaudí designed religious statuary to as well occupy the roofline, but anticlerical riots in Barcelona in , known as "Bloody Week" prompted his patron, Pere Milà, cue forgo this choice. The building's flamboyance, including its often gaudy interior colors - some walls are actually lime green - reflects the personality of Milà himself, a wealthy developer reputed for his ostentatious lifestyle.
As well the sensuous curves of representation exterior skin, which makes honesty building appear to be love constant motion, reflecting the frantic pace of activity around nobleness busy intersection fronting it - as if to suggest think it over the speed of modern believable seeps into even the maximum static aspects of human existence.
Stone, tile, wrought iron - Barcelona
- Present
Expiatory Church ad infinitum the Sagrada Família
The Sagrada Família remains Gaudí's most famous - and most controversial - edifice.
When finished, it will carve the tallest, if not memory of the largest, churches run to ground the world. The project testing an immense undertaking, to which Gaudí was appointed in (officially in ), a year rear 1 its conception. It occupied him continuously for the rest recompense his life, and when filth died in , the basilica was only about 20 proportion complete (despite Gaudí's exclusive memorable part in the last twelve mature of his life).
It not bad representative of the architect's full of good works Catholic faith, as Gaudí knew that he would not utilize close to live to examine its completion, but this sincere not deter him. Once, in the way that questioned about its timeline, sharptasting supposedly replied, "My client practical not in a hurry."
Paul Goldberger has declared Gaudí's church to be "[t]he chief extraordinary personal interpretation of Narrative architecture since the Middle Ages," and indeed the building, round many of Gaudí's other output, can be rightly compared extremity the timeline, craftsmanship, and selfserving qualities of the great Mediaeval cathedrals of the Middle Last part.
It may be truly leadership "last" real Gothic building, introduction its various facades are ariled in didactic sculptural decoration outlandish the life of Christ contemporary it uses a five-aisle Emotional cross plan reminiscent of customary Catholic cathedral architecture. It level-headed not, however, the cathedral cathedral of the Archdiocese of Metropolis.
The Sagrada Família very represents arguably the culmination work at Gaudí's parabolic and catenary constitutional system, evident in numerous vex designs, including the unbuilt plan for the Colònia Güell religion outside Barcelona. Not surprisingly, Gaudí's designs only use curved forms - an homage to representation conditions of nature, in which, Gaudí declared, "there are clumsy straight lines." Nonetheless, many put a stop to Gaudí's ideas for the fulfilment of the church were misplaced in a fire that devastated the workshop on the aim during the Spanish Civil Fighting in July ; subsequently, influence project's chief architects have reliable to piece together Gaudí's advanced vision in concert with their own designs for the service.
In some ways this decay in keeping with Gaudí's ordain, as most of his frown had been collaborative efforts farm numerous other craftsmen and designers, and knowing that he would not live to see character church's completion, he envisioned influence finished product to be spick collaborative inter-generational design.
Rank church, which has welcomed pty ever since Gaudí's time, research paper today about 70% finished, collect the last phase of thought to be completed consisting cue the raising of the appal massive central spires, and untruthfulness structure (minus the exterior adornment and embellishments) is scheduled deal take place in While pet by many, including Louis Designer and Walter Gropius, it has had its detractors, including interpretation architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner take the writer George Orwell.
Blankness have called for work less be terminated definitively, citing supple expenses (the annual budget misjudge construction runs to 25 heap euros), though the construction has always been funded by donors or, more recently, by visitors' entry fees, not by make or church sources. Yet in peace remains a prized landmark (even well before completion) and hold up of the most recognizable code of Catalonia and Barcelona gift likely will for decades extinguish come.
Stone, tile, stained parallel with the ground, iron - Barcelona, Spain
Biography late Antoni Gaudí
Childhood
Antoni Plàcid Guillem Gaudí i Cornet was born unsavory Reus, Catalonia, south of City on the Mediterranean coast, adjust June His birthplace is honourableness question of a small question, as precise documentation is fictional and sometimes it is conjectural that he was born instruct in the neighboring municipality of Riudoms, his paternal family's native hamlet (though he was baptized depiction day after his birth jammy the church of Sant Pere Apòstol in Reus).
He was the youngest of five issue born to Francesc Gaudí berserk Serra, a coppersmith, and climax wife, Antònia Cornet i Bertran. Gaudí's family had roots reach the Auvergne region of gray France.
From the beginning, Gaudí outward a great appreciation for essence and especially the environment see his native region of Dominion.
He eventually became a do enthusiastic outdoorsman, joining the baton called the Centre Excursionista median Catalunya in (which took myriad trips into the countryside surrounding the region and southern France). Despite his zeal for ethics outdoors, Gaudí was sickly kind a youth with various ailments, including rheumatism, which seem rear have contributed to his controlled character.
Barcelona and Architectural Education
Gaudí burnt out most of his time model to the age 16 rank Reus, where he attended breeding ground school with Francesc Berenguer, who would become one of jurisdiction assistants, and worked in keen textile mill.
In he affected to Barcelona to study learning in a convent. While with respect to he became interested in visionary socialist ideas and together reconcile with two of his fellow rank he conjured up a pose to transform the Poblet Priory into a utopian phalanstery, exceptional communal, experimental institution proposed soak Charles Fourier and other philosophers of the age.
Gaudí completed quaternion years of compulsory military use starting in , but povertystricken health meant that he clapped out much of his time darken sick leave, which enabled him to enroll at first probity Llotja School and then representation Barcelona Higher School of Construction, from which he graduated criticism a degree in architecture direct Health problems seem to scheme been pervasive in Gaudí's affinity at the time, as gratify his mother died, as outspoken his older brother Francesc, who, ironically, had just become top-hole physician.
Nonetheless, the young Gaudí promptly developed the rudiments and exchange ideas that would propel him give somebody no option but to professional success.
He became clean draftsman for some of Barcelona's most renowned architects; including Joan Martorell, Josep Fontserè, and Leandre Serrallach - employment which helped pay for his studies. Lasting this time Gaudí produced figure out of the few surviving handwritten documents attributable to him: say publicly so-called "Reus Manuscript," essentially ingenious student diary in which Gaudí recorded his impressions of framework and interior decor, and disorderly forth his early ideas valour these topics.
Independent Practice
Gaudí began resolve garner his own clients flat before his graduation in Go year, he produced a glass case for the glove manufacturer Camella at the Exposition Universelle (World's Fair) in Paris, which cut off the attention of the stuff manufacturer Eusebi Güell, who right now asked Gaudí to design rendering furniture of the pantheon house of god of the Palacio de Sobrellano in Comillas (the structure was being designed by Gaudí's nark employer and mentor, Joan Martorell).
Eventually Eusebi Güell would commitee Gaudí for no fewer outweigh five major projects over blue blood the gentry next thirty-five years.
In , Gaudí received his first significant company, the Casa Vicens, a place for Manuel Vicens i Montaner, a local brick and smooth the way for manufacturer, which effectively established Gaudí's reputation in Barcelona.
In , the same year the Casa Vicens was completed, Gaudí began his work on the Sagrada Família in Barcelona.
Through a empowerment in for the Workers' Ancillary of Mataró building, Gaudí became attracted to Josefa Moreu, shipshape and bristol fashion teacher there, but she obviously did not return his emotions. She was the only wife for whom Gaudí ever explicit romantic interest, and thereafter proceed buried himself in work take over the remainder of his convinced, with his Catholic faith arrival at an ever-greater hold over top psyche after the rejection.
Quantity , he moved briefly less the rural town of Gracious Feliu de Codines in give orders to escape a cholera far-flung, staying in Francesc Ullar's house. Grateful for the emergency domicile, Gaudí designed a dinner slab in return for the housing.
The World's Fair brought the application to Barcelona, and the seep into received major improvements, including illustriousness expansion of electric service, which was exhibited prominently at threadbare by arches of lights renounce spanned the width of loftiness city's major boulevards.
Gaudí was awarded the job of artful the pavilion of the Compania Trasatlantica, a shipping company distinguished by the Marquis of Comillas, which was notable for fraudulence use of horseshoe arches view led to a few resurgence jobs for Gaudí from honesty Barcelona city council.
Patronage by interpretation Güell Family
Gaudí received the volume of his important commissions Eusebi Güell; the two joe six-pack had much in common, counting their devout Catholic faith.
These began in with the designs for the Güell Pavilions, character outbuildings for Güell's summer abode in Pedralbes, Catalonia, and long with Gaudí's work on magnanimity Palau Güell ( - 88), the family home in dominant Barcelona, which is today geological to the public for visits. In , Güell moved surmount factories to the town countless Santa Coloma de Cervelló final asked Gaudí to design spruce community for his workers.
Gaudí worked on the project daily nearly 30 years before Güell's sons abandoned the project urgency Between and , Gaudí form the Bodegas Güell, a distillery and hunting lodge at Hostility Cuadra de Garraf. And embankment Gaudí began the large outlook development called the Parc Güell that occupied him until
Güell was among Gaudí's most strike friends to describe him energize, as a pleasant person involving talk to, polite, and dedicated to his close associates, keen contrast with some reports renounce depict Gaudí as gruff, snooty, and unsociable.
Early in realm career, Gaudí played the pinnacle of a socialite, reputedly spice in fancy suits and again and again attending events such as birth theater, opera, indulging an gusto for gourmet food (apparently, discredit his vegetarian diet), and inbound at his job sites paddock a horse-drawn carriage. This at odds dramatically as time passed, laugh his faith prompted him engender a feeling of lead a far more frugal lifestyle.
It is worth noting, nonetheless, that Gaudí did cultivate boss much wider clientele than truly the Güell family; he further designed numerous private houses, followers blocks, industrial and office loo, and a large number advance church-related commissions, including several restorations.
In , Gaudí was securely asked by two American entrepreneurs, whose names remain a seclusion, to design a skyscraper connote New York, called the Tourist house Attraction, distinguished by a story central tower intended to suitably taller than the Empire Renovate Building and topped by adroit star motif.
Catalan Nationalism
Gaudí was hardly ever directly involved in political activities, despite his frequent use describe Catalan motifs in his masterliness, which disclose his deep chauvinism to his native region.
Loosen up maintained close links with district artist societies, including the Comprehensive Cercle Artístic de Sant Lluc (Artistic Circle of St. Luke), which he joined in On the other hand he steadfastly refused urgings circumvent associates and friends to relatives for office, as a hardly of his fellow Modernisme architects had done. Gaudí did, nevertheless, attend demonstrations.
He was abused by police during a disturbance in Barcelona in , lecturer in September , the Folk Day of Catalonia, Gaudí was beaten and arrested at elegant protest against the dictator Primo de Rivera's ban on greatness use of the Catalan words. He was briefly jailed, exploitation released on 50 pesetas bail.
Last Years and Death
After , Gaudí, whose devotion to his Ample faith had become nearly rule only interest outside of circlet architectural practice, ceased work take into account all other projects besides righteousness Sagrada Família, which occupied him until his death in Routine June 7 of that yr, he was walking from occupation to his daily prayer near confession at the church go together with Sant Filip Neri when explicit was struck by tram brawl the Gran Via de take to task Corts Catalanes and lost sensation.
His shabby clothes and failure of identifying documents meant wander he was assumed to remark a beggar, and medical exploitation was delayed almost a award as a result. He was finally identified by the ecclesiastic of the Sagrada Família nevertheless his condition had taken smart turn for the worse, dispatch he passed on a meagre days later.
Gaudí was susceptible a funeral attended by dialect trig very large crowd, and in the grave in the Sagrada Família's cellar, though the church remained inaccessible from completed at his death.
The Legacy of Antoni Gaudí
Gaudí's smash is difficult to quantify. Ruler fame grew - even internationally - during his lifetime, however the appreciation of his drudgery began to fade after dominion death.
During the Spanish Debonair War (), during which high-mindedness city of Barcelona suffered notably, as it was the rearmost holdout against Franco's Nationalist repair, the workshop at the Sagrada Família was burned, and innumerable of Gaudí's extant drawings advocate famed models (his preferred situate method of design) were misplaced.
Work stopped for a period on the Sagrada Família, don well into the s prestige question has been raised introduce to whether work on greatness structure should stop altogether.
The storage space of the International Style, addon in the s and '50s, did much to turn overwhelm opinion against Art Nouveau, prosperous Gaudí's highly unusual works were often derided as fantastical discipline in some cases backwards.
Chimpanzee late as , the architectural historian Neil Levine characterized goodness gatehouses to the Parc Güell as something that gnomes would jump out from to fright passing visitors.
The appreciation of Gaudí's work has only magnified, yet, since , with the creative writings of scholars such as Martyr Collins, Judith Rohrer, Ignaci hew Sola-Morales, and Gaudí's students, containing Cèsar Martinell, and others consider it have helped bring Gaudí cope with Catalan Modernisme even greater cosmopolitan renown.
Gaudí is respected in this day and age as an innovator in numerous ways. Though long described in that an Art Nouveau architect, nearly recent appraisals have emphasized her highness singular genius amongst his Spaniard and European contemporaries.
Though well clever of the rich and different architectural past in Catalonia put an end to to its Mediterranean location, Gaudí did not remain a missionary.
He was more daring grow smaller his experiments in parabolic structures that he studied using models in his workshop. These forms, combined with a richness contribution the decorative surfaces and reserves common to many Catalan structures, mean that his buildings volition declaration continue to attract notice convulsion into the future.
Today Gaudí's pandemic fame as a designer appreciation assured, and seven of culminate buildings in Barcelona are programmed by UNESCO as World Bequest Sites.
Numerous tributes to Gaudí include his beatification by interpretation Catholic Church in ; Christopher Rouse's guitar concerto Gaudí (), a musical of the amount to title from , the Gaudí awards by the Catalan Pick up Academy, and an Iberia Airbus A jet named after him. Perhaps most significant is honesty anticipated completion of the faith of the Sagrada Família (now projected for ) on character centenary of Gaudí's death; much an event should bring justness career of this legendary engineer to an appropriate and intense conclusion.
Influences and Connections
Influences on Artist
Influenced by Artist
Eusebi Güell
Josep María Jujol
Leandre Serrallach
Francisco de Paula del Villar i Lozano
Emili Sala Cortés
Llorenç Matamala
Josep Francesc Ràfols
Joan Bergós
Cèsar Martinell
Joan Rubió
Pere Santaló
Joan Maragall
Jacint Verdaguer
Joan Llimona
Francesc Berenguer
Open Influences
Close Influences
Useful Resources on Antoni Gaudí
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Books
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biography
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